Iron Road Limited

Iron Road Limited is an Australian iron ore exploration and mining company, listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX:IRD) in Perth, Western Australia in 2008. Its objective is to develop a world class magnetite mine and infrastructure in South Australia. It has two projects, both in South Australia: the Central Eyre Iron Project, and the Gawler Iron Project, currently in abeyance. The company's corporate office is in Adelaide.

The parent entity of the Group and the ultimate parent entity and controlling party is The Sentient Group (incorporated in the Cayman Islands), which at 30 June 2017 owned 73.73% of the issued ordinary shares of Iron Road Limited. The largest shareholder of quoted ordinary shares is HSBC Custody Nominees Australia Limited (84.23%).

Since the Central Eyre Iron Project was instigated, the state and federal governments have respectively allotted "major development" classification and included it on the national Infrastructure Priority List. In 2017 the company was granted a 21-year mining lease for magnetite mining and minerals processing. In January 2019, the company announced that the mine cost would be halved and the scale of the project would be reduced, with very large savings in electricity consumption.

Approvals for the main project
In August 2013 the South Australian Government declared the Central Eyre Iron Project as a Major Development — a category applying to developments of major economic, social or environmental importance to the state.

In September 2016 the Australian Government statutory authority, Infrastructure Australia, placed the Central Eyre Iron Project rail and port infrastructure on the national Infrastructure Priority List, which has a total of ten projects on it. The project was also the only ‘Opportunity for Growth’ project in Australia.

In May 2017 the South Australian Government granted a 21-year Mining Lease for magnetite mining and minerals processing, with 127 compliance conditions flagged. In that month the South Australian Government also gave statutory development authorisation for the proposed port development, utilities corridor and worker village.

Approval under the federal Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act in relation to the proposed Cape Hardy port, the only remaining primary approval needed from government, was granted on 9 March 2018.

Financing and project partnerships
In April 2017 Iron Road Limited obtained Expressions of Interest from the China Development Bank, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and the China Construction Bank — the latter two being the world's largest and second largest banks respectively — for project debt financing.

The company has signed memoranda of understanding for iron ore offtake with five major Chinese steel mills, including its project partner, Shandong Iron and Steel Group (ShanSteel).

Infrastructure for the Central Eyre Iron Project is planned to be built by Iron Road Limited's construction partner, the China Railway Group Limited (CREC), a consumer of steel and the largest infrastructure construction contractor in the world, with completed projects including the 2,000 km US$5 billion Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Iron Road's Interim Report of the Half Year Ended 31 December 2018, however, stated: "Despite ongoing contact with China Railway Group (CREC), the rate of progress has been unacceptable and as a consequence the Company reinvigorated introductions and discussions with various parties that potentially have an interest in the Company, the CEIP or select components of the CEIP".

Central Eyre Iron Project


The Central Eyre Iron Project, on the Eyre Peninsula, is based on three iron occurrences (Warramboo, Kopi and Hambidge) immediately to the east of the small township of Warramboo (-33.24289°N, 135.59403°W), on the Tod Highway 25 km south of the regional centre of Wudinna.

In 2017 Iron Road Limited predicted that the project would become South Australia's largest mining project since the Olympic Dam mine and the largest mine developed in the state's agricultural belt. The mine was anticipated at that time to become an open pit 7 km long and 4 km at its widest. The ore reserve was stated to be 3.681 billion tonnes @ 15.07% Fe, producing a concentrate grade of approximately 66.7% Fe.

The company stated that it would produce a high quality, low impurity iron concentrate that would serve as a clean, superior blending product for steel manufacturers, and that an output of 24 million tonnes per annum of approximately 67 per cent iron concentrate was planned over almost 30 years. Further, the company considered that with a competitive projected operating cost its iron concentrate was well positioned to actively displace lower quality iron ores as steel makers increasingly focus on high quality, low impurity feedstocks.

Construction costs and schedule risk were expected to be reduced significantly by building the processing plant as large self-contained modules in China and commissioning them before being transported to Australia.

The company has flagged its concern that a high proportion of power generation sourced from renewable generation without adequate redundancy planning has undermined energy security in South Australia, reducing competitiveness of existing industries and raising new investment hurdles. It has stated that it is working through independent and grid based solutions with government and industry.

In January 2019, Iron Road announced, reportedly in a bid to attract further investment, that it had halved the CEIP's target output to 12 million tonnes of ore per year (dry), including pre-strip, and halved the mine cost to US$645 million over an initial 22 year ore production mine life. Total project capital requirements would be reduced from US$4.00 billion to US$1.74 billion. Energy consumption would drop by 66 per cent with mean project power demand dropping to 212MW. These figures were exclusive of the cost of the railway and port, which was to be regarded as a separate project.

Proposed deep water port at Cape Hardy
The company has acquired land for a new deep water port at Cape Hardy on the western shore of Spencer Gulf, 7 km south of Port Neill and 30 km north-east of the regional centre of Tumby Bay. It would be the first deep water port in South Australia. Under plans envisaged in 2017, a 1.3 km (0.81 mi) jetty, capable of handling different commodities, would have two iron ore berths, each capable of accommodating the largest dry bulk cargo vessels (Capesize). The planned ship loader capacity would be 70 million tonnes per annum. An additional capacity of 50 million tonnes per annum would be available for third party users. The company has also stated that it contemplates "staged construction and commissioning of a globally competitive grain terminal and export facility at Cape Hardy".

Utilities corridor
Iron Road Limited's plans include a 148 km utilities corridor from Warramboo to Cape Hardy intended to include a service road, power line and water pipeline. A standard gauge heavy-haul railway was originally intended to be included in the corridor, but in February 2019 the company announced it had dropped that component in favour of "high-capacity, dual-powered road trains" operating on a private haul road.

Grain transportation assessment
Iron Road Limited and Emerald Grain, a major grain marketing and supply chain company wholly owned by Sumitomo Corporation, have been assessing opportunities to use the planned rail and port infrastructure to export grain. State government primary approvals of this capability have been encompassed by the port and infrastructure approvals issued in May 2017; secondary approvals are pending.

The planned railway line would penetrate into the grain growing areas of the peninsula, and the company considers growers "will appreciate an alternative modern and efficient export route for their grains, and above all we bring choice". Currently more than 80 per cent of peninsula grain production is exported through Port Lincoln.

Gawler Iron Project
The company estimates that its Gawler Iron Project has mineralisation capable of supporting a small to medium scale magnetite iron ore mining operation of 1–2 million tonnes per annum with the potential to produce a quality iron concentrate using a simple beneficiation process. The 3380 km2 project area is about 270 km north-west of the Central Eyre Iron Project; its southern boundary is about 25 km north of the Trans-Australian Railway and about 80 km  west-northwest of the railway junction town of Tarcoola. A scoping study was completed in 2013. Iron Road Limited has stated that it has conducted little evaluation activity recently since it is focusing "all effort" on its Central Eyre Iron Project.