List of Australian railway companies

While railways in some states were briefly operated as private companies, railways of Australia have historically operated as Government instrumentalities.

The earlier form of a single state government railway department in each state no longer exists - with complex relationships developed by state and federal government corporations operating in multiple locations and across borders between states.

They are further divided into 'above' and 'below' rail companies - track owners, and train operators. Some companies are both.

Track and Train

 * Aurizon
 * Genesee & Wyoming Australia (South Australian rural branch lines, Tarcoola-Darwin line)
 * Metro Trains Melbourne (manager of suburban trackage owned by VicTrack)
 * Queensland Rail
 * TasRail
 * V/Line (manages all Victorian track owned by VicTrack, except the suburban and interstate networks)

Track Only

 * Arc Infrastructure (Western Australia)
 * Australian Rail Track Corporation (interstate network)
 * John Holland Rail (Country Regional Rail Network in New South Wales)
 * RailCorp (urban passenger lines in Sydney, Newcastle and Wollongong area, other New South Wales lines are controlled or maintained under contract by Australian Rail Track Corporation and John Holland Rail)
 * VicTrack (owner of Victorian network)

Suburban

 * Queensland Rail (City network)
 * Sydney Trains
 * TransAdelaide
 * Transperth Trains

Regional

 * Great Southern Rail
 * NSW TrainLink
 * Queensland Rail (Traveltrain)
 * Transwa
 * V/Line

Freight

 * Genesee & Wyoming Australia
 * Pacific National
 * Qube Logistics
 * SCT Logistics
 * Southern Shorthaul Railroad
 * TransVolution
 * Watco Australia
 * Bowmans Rail

Heavy Haul

 * BHP
 * Fortescue Metals Group
 * Rio Tinto Group
 * Roy Hill

Tourist and Heritage

 * List of heritage railways in Australia

Rolling stock hire

 * CFCL Australia
 * Consolidated Rail Leasing
 * Greentrains
 * TransVolution Equipment

Manufacturers

 * Bombardier Transportation
 * Downer Rail
 * UGL Rail